It is one of two Expeditionary Sustainment Commands assigned to the National Guard, the other unit is the 184th Sustainment Command (Expeditionary) assigned to the Mississippi Army National Guard.

The 135th ESC provides sustainment planning, guidance, and support to forces in an area of operation.

[2] The 135th ESC mobilized for Operation Enduring Freedom from its home station in Birmingham, Alabama on 30 October 2009.

Their mission in Afghanistan was to coordinate supply and logistics in the Afghan theater.

[3] While in Afghanistan the unit will supply more than 200 forward operating bases, supply more than 1 million cases of bottled water per month and food for more than 210,00 meals per day.