Democratic seat Republican seat Elections occurred in the middle of Republican President Abraham Lincoln's first term, during the Third Party System and the Civil War.

The Republican Party kept control of Congress, although it was reduced to a plurality in the House.

In the House, Democrats won several seats, ending the Republican majority.

[3] Republican Schuyler Colfax won election as Speaker of the House.

In the Senate, Republicans picked up a small number of seats, retaining a commanding majority.