Democratic seat Republican seat Elections occurred in the middle of Republican President Chester A. Arthur's term, during the Third Party System.

Arthur had become president on September 19, 1881, upon the death of his predecessor, James Garfield.

Members of the 48th United States Congress were chosen in this election.

Following the 1880 census, the size of the House increased by 32 seats.

Democrats won major gains, taking control of the chamber.