General elections were held in November and December 1908 for all 288 seats of the Chamber of Deputies of the Ottoman Empire, following the Young Turk Revolution which established the Second Constitutional Era.

[2] In the lead up to the election, Mehmed Sabahaddin's League for Private Initiative and Decentralization [tr] established itself as the Liberty Party.

The Liberty Party was liberal in outlook, bearing a strong British imprint and was closer to the Palace.

Under pressure from the CUP, the government arrested key supporters of Sabahaddin's as they attempted to campaign in Anatolia, and even presented death threats.

[1] The CUP was successful in abolishing quotas for non-Muslim populations, by amending the electoral to instead stipulate one deputy to every 50,000 males.