It was formed twice and in both iterations saw extensive action in the Mediterranean theater, including the North African campaign, the Axis occupation of Greece, and Yugoslav partisan warfare.

A second 19th Flak Division was assembled in early November 1943 in Athens in German-occupied Greece and saw service during the withdrawal of Axis forces from the Balkans through Yugoslavia.

The 19th Flak Division's staff document Allied bombardment of Axis lines, estimating 64 major attacks between 31 August and 4 September 1942 alone, resulting in 15,600 bomb drops in a particular area of 12 to 15 times 8 to 10 kilometers, resulting in roughly 100 bombs per square kilometer of soil,[3]: 685  or 250 per square mile.

On 20 August, Flak Regiment 135 was temporarily attached to Ramcke Brigade to provide its paratroopers with anti-aircraft protection.

[8]: 20 After defeat in El Alamein, Panzer Army Africa was forced on a lengthy retreat through the Italian Cyrenaica (and, under the impression of Operation Torch, eventually Tunisia).

[3]: 698  On 17 November 1942, the army's commander Erwin Rommel reported on the depleted strength of his forces, giving 19th Flak Division's remaining equipment as 24 heavy and 40 light anti-aircraft batteries.