The 1st Czechoslovak Composite Air Division (Czech: 1. československá smíšená letecká divize; Slovak: 1. česko-slovenská zmiešaná letecká divízia) was the air arm of the Czechoslovak armed forces in the Soviet Union during World War II, operating under the operational command of the Soviet Air Force.

The 1st Regiment flew from the Zolná u Zvolena Airfield and later Tri Duby Airfield in Slovakia during the Slovak National Uprising, the newly created 2nd Fighter Air Regiment based on the Combined Squadron of the Slovak Air Force that was able to escape together with Fajtl's forces to the Red Army controlled Territory and the Attack Air Regiment that used the Iljushin Il-2 Shturmovik aircraft.

They flew air support missions during the operation to liberate Ostrava and Opava.

The 2nd Fighter Regiment was at that time still training with the new Lavochkin La-7 airplanes and was not able to flew combat misions yet.

[4] After the end of the WWII, the unit was transferred to the Prague Airports and with the ransformation of the Czechoslovak military to the peacetime organisation it was renamed the 4th Air Division and later operated from airfield in Slovakia.