In May 2005 the unit began deploying to Iraq as part of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and experienced some of the fiercest combat actions in the campaign.

The unit's focus shifted during the second half of the deployment to a theater security mission primarily consisting of convoy escort and civilian military operations.

TF Roughrider suffered seven fatalities while deployed to Iraq: As a part of the United States Army's ongoing transformation to a lighter, more modular force the 1st Battalion, 108th Armor was re-designated as the 1st Squadron, 108th Cavalry (RSTA) in 2007.

[10] In December 2007, the Georgia National Guard's 48th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (IBCT) was alerted that it will be deployed to Afghanistan in the summer of 2009 in support of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF).

Constituted 2 September 1995 in the Georgia and Louisiana Army National Guard as the 108th Cavalry, a parent regiment under the United States Army Regimental System; concurrently organized from existing elements to consist of Troop A, an element of the 256th Infantry Brigade, and Troop E, an element of the 48th Infantry Brigade (Troop E ordered into active federal service 6 December 2004 – 3 January 2005 at Griffin, Georgia) Redesignated 1 October 2005 as the 108th Cavalry Regiment Reorganized 1 September 2006 to consist of the 2d Squadron, an element of the 256th Infantry Brigade Combat Team, and Troop E, an element of the 48th Infantry Brigade (Troop E released from active federal service 1 September – 1 October 2006 and reverted to state control) The squadron has received participation credit for the following campaigns:[21] War on Terrorism