[1] The Pittsburgh Pirates selected Gerrit Cole out of the University of California, Los Angeles, with the first overall pick.

The draft order was determined by the 2010 Major League Baseball standings.

[2] The Arizona Diamondbacks, San Diego Padres, and Milwaukee Brewers each received a compensation pick for failing to sign draft picks from the 2010 draft.

Also, teams lost draft picks for signing certain free agents, while teams losing free agents received draft picks as compensation.

[4] On September 8, 2019, Danny Hultzen became the last of the first 29 picks to appear in a Major League game, when he made his debut for the Chicago Cubs.