Felix Rosenqvist finished second for Prema Powerteam and Félix da Costa's teammate Sérgio Sette Câmara came in third.
Félix Da Costa had won the earlier ten-lap qualification race on Saturday with Callum Ilott second and Sette Cãmara third.
George Russell won the pole position for the qualification race by setting the fastest lap in the event's second qualifying session but lost the lead to Ilott heading into the first corner.
The qualification event was neutralised following an accident involving Ye Hongli and Daiki Sasaki, and when the race restarted four laps later, Félix da Costa drafted Ilott and overtook him to take over the lead.
[1][6][7] Félix da Costa, Juncadella and Rosenqvist tested for two days at the Red Bull Ring to prepare for the event.
[13] In September 2016, the race's organiser, Barry Bland, resigned following hurried developments which saw teams not receive the event's regulations until late.
[15] It was the first Macau Grand Prix in which Pirelli supplied the teams with tyres, after Yokohama who was the supplier since the event switched to Formula Three regulations in 1983 withdrew.
[16] Pirelli's tyre was based on the type used in the BRDC British Formula 3 Championship and were tested at the Autodromo Nazionale Monza to simulate Macau's high top speeds.
[18] Rosenqvist said that he felt the Pirelli tyres would change the event's aspect drastically and aimed to win it: "The competition in Macau is always super strong, and this year will be no exception.
When asked if he felt he could achieve the victory, he replied "yes and no" because of not having had experience in Formula Three cars for the previous three years, but said he would give it an attempt and would be pleased to secure a top-five finishing position.
[20] The track's fastest lap record holder Sérgio Sette Câmara said it was "amazing" to compete in the event, revealing that he would carry the experience he had from the 2015 edition and express confidence in his car's set-up.
[22] He was four-tenths of a second quicker than the second-fastest driver Callum Ilott who moved out of traffic to drive with a clear track on his fastest lap.
Ticktum, Pedro Piquet, Chang Wing Chung, Nikita Mazepin and Joel Eriksson completed the top-twenty fastest drivers.
[26] The second was for Sims who was stranded in the centre of Lisboa corner's run-off area, Norris impacted the San Francisco Bend barriers and Eriksson hit the Solitude Esses wall, triggering the third stoppage.
Yamashita, Rosenqvist, Sette Cãmara, Hughes, Félix da Costa, Norris, Günther and Cassidy made up positions second to tenth.
[27] Ticktum hit the Maternity Bend wall and returned to the pit lane to end his session early while Sho Tsuboi struck the Lisboa barrier.
[27][28] Ye Hongli lost control of his car and contacted the exit barriers at the Police bend,[28] stranding his vehicle sideways across the circuit.
[28] Guanyu Zhou came across the scene and reacted late, causing him to hit his countryman's car, briefly going onto its side before ending up on the tarmac.
Rosenqvist heavily locked his tyres at Lisboa corner and was restricted to starting eighth, and Norris and Cassidy rounded out the top ten.
[30] It was scheduled to occur from 12:10 Macau Standard Time (UTC+08:00),[13] but was delayed for one hour because water had blown onto the pit lane straight and Lisboa corner from the nearby grandstands which evaporated upon marshals laying cement to remove the moisture.
[33][34][35] When the race began from its standing start, Ilott made a fast getaway and passed Russell for the lead heading into the first corner.
[33] Norris, Günther, Hubert and Ye retired because of the damage to their cars,[36] while Sasaski made a pit stop for a rear wing replacement.
[37] At the lap-five restart, Félix da Costa ran in Ilott's slipstream and turned right to the outside lane to overtake him for the first position going into Lisboa corner.
[37] Félix da Costa attempted to drew clear from Ilott but was unable to establish an advantage over him with the two trading fastest lap times and both pull away from Sette Cãmara.
[34][35] Ilott went wide at the final corner midway through and dropped back from Félix da Costa because he scared himself and did not want to push harder afterwards.
This allowed Ilott to move to the inside lane and take fourth place from Yamashita at San Francisco Bend despite minor contact between the two drivers.
The latter drew alongside his Carlin teammate heading towards Lisboa corner but Félix da Costa held the lead by turning onto the inside line.
[48] He further stated that observing them helped educate him on what was required to win the Macau Grand Prix and revealed his desire to return to the race.