The 2017 season was Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama's 119th complete calendar year in existence, the club's 102nd season in existence of football, and the club's 44th season playing in the Brasileirão Série A, the top flight of Brazilian football.

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply.

Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply.

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply.