On the night of May 27, 2019, a large and destructive tornado struck Dayton, Ohio as well as the surrounding suburbs of Brookville, Trotwood, Northridge and Riverside, injuring 166 people and indirectly killing one person.

On the morning of May 27, the Storm Prediction Center issued an enhanced risk of severe weather for eastern Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, southwestern Michigan, and western Ohio for significant tornadoes, large hail, and damaging wind gusts.

As a shortwave trough moved northeast across the area, low-to-mid-level westerlies were expected to interact with a low-pressure area associated with the trough, increasing the amount of moisture and atmospheric instability as clouds from a decaying mesoscale convective system dissipated, resulting in increased mid-level convective available potential energy (CAPE) values of 2,500 to 3,000 j/kg across the region, indicating strong instability.

[2] These conditions being mixed with a warm front associated with the low-pressure area led to an environment conducive for tornadogenesis from eastern Iowa to western Ohio, which was included in the afternoon's outlook update after they had found the potential for a supercell or two to develop and be capable of producing tornadoes with the lower-level jet stream winds expected to increase that night, allowing for low-level mesocyclone development.

[5][6] The National Weather Service in Wilmington, Ohio first issued a tornado warning for the supercell that produced the Dayton at 10:31 p.m. EDT in Preble and Montgomery counties.

[7] Ten minutes after the warning was issued, the tornado touched down west of Brookville in Montgomery County, initially causing minor EF0 damage to trees along northern Sulphur Springs road.

[7][16] Along the roads of Shiloh Springs, Turner, Shoup Mill, and North Main Street, major damage occurred to multiple restaurants, self-storage units, a tobacco shop, and several other small businesses, along with numerous homes and apartment complexes.

The tornado had also severely damaged the Foxton Apartments, and a large swath of hardwood trees were downed and debarked in a corridor along the Stillwater River, where the most intense winds were believed to have taken place.

A small used car dealership was also leveled, Grafton Kennedy Elementary School lost its roof and multiple exterior walls, and many trees were snapped and denuded as well.

Many industrial vehicles, semi-trailers, and delivery trucks were thrown and tossed atop one another, and multiple large metal storage tanks were crumpled and damaged as well.

Additionally, another EF2 tornado in Vandalia and Butler Township within Montgomery County also caused severe damage to numerous homes, apartment buildings, and businesses in the area.

[19][20][21] The tornado caused damage to nearly 3,000 homes and over 200 businesses along its path,[22] which required thousands of residents to find temporary housing units while rebuilding efforts took place.