[3] On 4 March, the centre-right alliance, in which Matteo Salvini's League emerged as the main political force, won a plurality of seats in the Chamber of Deputies and in the Senate, while the anti-establishment Five Star Movement (M5S) led by Luigi Di Maio became the party with the largest number of votes.

[5] After some dispute with President Sergio Mattarella,[6][7] Conte's cabinet, which was dubbed by the media as Western Europe's "first all-populist government", was sworn in on 1 June.

[10] Many political analysts believe the no confidence motion was an attempt to force early elections to improve Lega's standing in Parliament, ensuring Salvini could become the next prime minister.

[14][16][17] On the following days, PD and M5S started working on an agreement framework,[18] while left-wing party Free and Equal (LeU) announced that it would support a potential M5S–PD cabinet.

[19] On 28 August, PD's leader Nicola Zingaretti announced that his party and the M5S had reached an agreement to form a coalition Government, with pro-Europeanism, green politics, sustainable development, and a progressive outlook to economic inequality and immigration reform as its guiding principles, and Giuseppe Conte as prime minister.