The 2023–24 James Madison Dukes women's basketball team represented James Madison University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season.

The Dukes, led by eighth-year head coach Sean O'Regan, played their home games at the Atlantic Union Bank Center as second-year members of the Sun Belt Conference.

The Dukes finished the 2022–23 with a record of 26–7 overall and 13–5 in conference play.

They won the conference tournament championship by defeating Texas State 81–51.

[1] They advanced to the NCAA tournament and lost to Ohio State in the first round.