The Nationals entered the offseason with seven pending free agents: pitchers Steve Cishek, Sean Doolittle, Will Harris, Erasmo Ramírez, Joe Ross, and Aníbal Sánchez, and infielder/outfielder César Hernández.

[10] Among arbitration-eligible players, the Nationals chose not to tender new one-year contracts to pitcher Erick Fedde and designated hitter Luke Voit on November 18, 2022.

[14][15] Infielder Lucius Fox lost his roster spot in December as well,[16] as did pitching prospect Gerardo Carrillo[8] and journeyman reliever Reed Garrett.

[18] The Nationals unveiled their first major league signings of the offseason on November 29, 2022, inking rookie outfielder Stone Garrett[19] and veteran third baseman Jeimer Candelario[20] to one-year deals.

[24][25] Among other minor league signings, the Nationals reunited with first baseman Matt Adams, a member of their 2019 World Series championship team, in a deal announced December 14, 2022.

Non-roster participants in major league spring training for the Nationals included right-handed pitchers Zach Brzykcy, Gerardo Carrillo, Anthony Castro, Alex Colomé, Hobie Harris, Chad Kuhl, Andrés Machado, Wily Peralta, Tommy Romero, and Jackson Tetreault; left-handed pitchers Alberto Baldonado, Anthony Banda, Sean Doolittle, Evan Lee, and Francisco Pérez; catchers Brady Lindsly and Drew Millas; first baseman Matt Adams; infielders Michael Chavis, Lucius Fox, Erick Mejia, and Leonel Valera; and outfielders Yasel Antuna, Travis Blankenhorn, Donovan Casey, Yadiel Hernández, and Derek Hill.

Veteran right-hander Stephen Strasburg did not report to spring training in West Palm Beach after suffering a setback in his quest to return from thoracic outlet syndrome.

[33] Players present in camp but not as full participants included right-handed reliever Tanner Rainey, working his way back from Tommy John surgery the previous season; right-hander Jackson Tetreault, who had a season-ending shoulder fracture in 2022; left-handed reliever Sean Doolittle, who had an elbow brace procedure the previous season; and third baseman Carter Kieboom, who also had Tommy John surgery in 2022.