Shortly after the United States entered World War I, the regiment was constituted in the National Army on 18 May 1917, and organized on 28 March 1918 at Del Rio, Texas.

It was broken up on 23 August 1918 into the 69th and 70th Field Artillery Regiments and the 26th Trench Mortar Battery.

The 313th's primary ROTC feeder school was the Culver Military Academy, where it held annual contact camps.

[4] After the United States entered World War II, the regiment was disbanded on 18 October 1943, after its personnel were called up for active duty.

The regimental coat of arms was of a similar design to the distinctive unit insignia but included the Organized Reserve's Minuteman crest above the shield and omitted the motto.