After the end of the war, the regiment rapidly transferred its soldiers and equipment to other units, and it was demobilized on 8 February 1919.

Just before the fall 1941 Carolina Maneuvers, the regiment was given two of the new American M1 155 mm guns, later called the "Long Toms" by the British.

The battalions were constantly separated because they were the only field artillery in the theater with their 25,000 yard range, and their services were eagerly sought by both British and American commanders.

From 29 August to 3 September 1943 the 2d Battalion fired the first American artillery to hit the European mainland, across the straits of Messina in support of the British 8th Army.

The 36th Field Artillery landed on the hot Salerno beach beginning on 12 September, and participated in the drive on Naples and the Foggia airfields, then turning north to Cassino.

Also during this period, the regiment conducted the first operations with high-performance aircraft adjusting artillery fire, cooperating with P-51s and artillery-trained pilots.

On 8 June 1944, the 1st Battalion was again withdrawn from the line for its longest break, this time in preparation for the invasion of Southern France.

The battalion landed on D day, 15 August and raced north with VI Corps to the German border.

Here, at the town of Mutzig, first section of Battery B fired the regiment's only direct-fire mission of the war using the Long Toms, at a German fort being held by 92 men.

From 1 December until the end of the war, the battalion operated with two M12 self-propelled 155mm guns, which were used for special missions, especially direct fire.

Meanwhile, the 2d Battalion continued northward through Italy, crossing the Po River in April 1945 and reaching the foothills of the Italian Alps.

At one time, while supporting the French Expeditionary Corps, the battalion earned the wrath of one regimental commander for occupying his objective before he reached it.

All of the components of the 36th Field Artillery were inactivated shortly after the end of World War II.

In 1957 the battalion was designated a gyroscope 8 inch howitzer (atomic) unit, and it transferred to Germany, arriving in Bremerhaven on 12 February 1958.

Since its arrival in Germany, it was stationed at Schwaebisch Hall, Erlangen, Neu Ulm, and Augsburg.

A Gold color metal and enamel device 1+3⁄16 inches (3.0 cm) in height consisting of a shield blazoned: Per chevron Gules and Or.

On a wreath of the colors Or and Gules, two sprays of long leaf Southern pine in saltire Proper.