4-CMC produces similar side effects to mephedrone, including: increased blood pressure, tachycardia, hyperthermia, and anxiety.

[3] Its chemical structure closely resembles para-chloromethamphetamine, raising concerns about its potential to readily induce cell death of serotoninergic neurons.

[4] Similar to mephedrone, 4-CMC mainly acts as a serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA), and partially as a serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI) with similar potency.

Sweden's public health agency suggested classifying 4-Chloromethcathinone (klefedron) as illegal narcotic on June 1, 2015.

[6] 4-CMC is considered a Schedule 1 substance in Virginia.