He was the most senior official of the Afghan Foreign Ministry to survive the communist coup in April 1978.
He came to United States in 1981 and authored The Fall of Afghanistan: An Insider's Account in 1988,[1] where he recounts detailed events leading to the assassination of President Mohammed Daoud Khan and the fall of the Republic of Afghanistan.
He completed high school in Kabul, and continued his education in France and Switzerland, graduating from University of Geneva in 1956 with equivalent of MA in political science and international affairs.
He was appointed as chair of the 25th session of the UN Special Political Committee in 1970,[2][3] and served as director of United Nations and International Conferences Department of political affairs in 1973, director general of political affairs in 1976 and finally deputy foreign minister in 1977.
He was intimately involved in all major aspects of the Afghan foreign policy, including top-level talks with the Soviet Union, United States and Pakistan.