Abraham (Adolf) Berliner (2 May 1833 – 21 April 1915) (Hebrew: אברהם ברלינר) was a German theologian and historian, born in Obersitzko, in the Grand Duchy of Posen, Prussia.
He continued his education under various rabbis, later studying at the University of Leipzig where he received the degree of doctor of philosophy.
Berliner added to his reputation through his various historical works, the result of his research in the archives and libraries of Italy, which was financially supported by the German government.
From 1876 to 1893 he, together with his colleague, David Hoffmann, continued to edit the periodical under the revised title Magazin für die Wissenschaft des Judenthums.
He engaged as a defender of Judaism in a pamphlet against Paul de Lagarde (Prof. Paul de Lagarde, nach Seiner Natur Gezeichnet, 1887), who denounced all Jewish scholars as dilettanti; and when the blood accusation was revived, he republished (1888) the opinion of Cardinal Ganganelli (afterwards Pope Clement XIV) to prove the falsity of this charge.