The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU; Ukrainian: Національна академія наук України, romanized: Natsionalna akademiia nauk Ukrainy, pronounced [nɐt͡sʲiɔˈnalʲnɐ ɐkɐˈdɛmʲijɐ nɐˈuk ʊkrɐˈjine], abbr.

The presidium of the academy is located at vulytsia Volodymyrska, 57, across the street from the Building of Pedagogical Museum, which was used to host the Central Council during the independence period of 1917-18.

[4] At the end of June 1918 the creation of the Academy was raised at the Ukrainian Science Society Extraordinary General Assembly.

There were planned 15 institutes, 14 permanent commissions, 6 museums, 2 offices, 2 laboratories, botanical and acclimatization gardens, astronomical observatory, biology station, printing house and national library.

[7] Among the first academicians were historians Dmytro Bahaliy and Orest Levytsky, economists Mykhailo Tuhan-Baranovsky and Volodymyr Kosynsky, eastern studies Ahathanhel Krymsky and Nikolai Petrov, linguist Stepan Smal-Stotsky, geologists Volodymyr Vernadsky and Pavlo Tutkovsky, biologist Mykola Kashchenko, mechanic Stepan Tymoshenko, law studies Fedir Taranovsky.

The first General Assembly (Constituent) that took place on November 27, 1918 academician Volodymyr Vernadsky was elected the President of academy, while the permanent secretary became Ahathanhel Krymsky.

Despite the financial hardship, famine, arrests, and emigration of some of its members, the UAS has not only survived as an institution, but developed its structure and directions of research, began to prepare for publication its scientific works.

The next day on 12 February 1919 there took place an extraordinary UAS General Assembly, during which Ahatanhel Krymsky passed on the order of Zatonskyi immediately to start the work.

He had been considered a counterweight to the "constitutional-democratic" faction led by Serhiy Yefremov and Ahatanhel Krymsky, but the three of them had actually agreed on opposing state interference.

The self-government of the Academy is kept in independent determination of its research's thematic and forms of its organization and realization, formation of its organizational structure, solving own issues with administration of research, its financing, and professional cadres, fulfillment of its international scientific relations, free election and collegiality of its governing authority.

The NASU Presidium that was lastly elected in April 2015 consists of 32 persons including president, 5 vice-presidents, Chief Scientific Secretary, 14 department secretaries-academicians, 11 other members.

The NASU is responsible for over 90% of all discoveries made in Ukraine, including the transmutation of lithium into helium, the production of heavy water, and the development of a 3-D radar that operates in the decimeter range.

Regional science centers (SCs) are: The most of institutions of the Academy (212) are placed in the city of Kyiv, following by Kharkiv (39) and Lviv (27).

The Academy is represented at least by one institution in most of the oblasts in Ukraine, except Volyn, Rivne, Ternopil, Khmelnytsky, Vinnytsia, and Kirovohrad.

There are 2 national libraries affiliated with the NASU: A. Pidhornyi Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems in Kharkiv The department of General Biology includes a number of parks and nature reserves.

The Bogoliubov Prize is an award offered by the National Academy for scientists with outstanding contribution to theoretical physics and applied mathematics.