Reverend James Paterson DD, the first pastor, started the church in a rented room on North Portland Street, Glasgow in 1829.

The first president was Professor Joseph Coats MD who was a deacon of Adelaide Place for many years.

In 1870, the Baptist Union of Scotland was formed of 51 churches in the hall of Hope Street Chapel (which later moved to Adelaide Place).

"[12] Twenty men from Adelaide Place and a further 17 from the St. Clair Street branch (near Maryhill Road) were killed in the First World War.

[14] The St Clair Street Women's Fellowship started two sewing meetings to make up comfort packages for church members on active service.

Some female members of the congregation volunteered to help with air raid precautions,[14] and Marjorie McInnes regularly carried out fire-watch duties from the church roof during blackout.

The BBC broadcast to the Empire a radio programme of a church service held in Adelaide Place on 9 March 1941.

It continued until 1952, when the project was closed and the St Clair Street building sold, due to the reduced population of Glasgow city centre as people moved out to the new suburbs.

The stonework was cleaned, a new heating system was installed, carpet was laid and the church was rewired.

Donald McCallum was so moved by a meeting with a homeless woman that, with some volunteers, he opened a flat to house and care for vulnerable young women in the vicinity of the church.

The congregation instead decided on extensive renovation and redevelopment programme, incorporating businesses that could feed their profits back into the work of the church.

Adelaide Place Development Company Ltd (SC142177), with the trading name 'Adelaides', was set up in 1993 to oversee the business,[20] and work commenced in 1994.

[21] The eastern part of the church was converted into a guest house, the basement into a nursery, and a mezzanine cafe was set up with access from Bath Street.

The main auditorium was renovated in 2022 - 2023, with the installation of a community cafe space, re-glazing of the windows and improvements to disabled access.

[23] Adelaide Place Baptist Church was built between 1875 and 1877 and was designed by Thomas Lennox Watson.

The church is built in the neo-classical Italianate style from polished blonde ashlar stone.

At the front of the auditorium there is a platform with access ramp and steps, flanked by columns and topped with a rounded pediment.

[25] Christ and the Wise Virgins was dedicated by James Wilson, Provost of Govan, in memory of his sister-in-law Victoria Graham Taylor who died in 1873 at the age of 19.

As a contributor to the Cope Report, she was jointly responsible for the establishment of social work as a profession in Scotland.

[34] Hillhead Baptist Church was formed in 1883 by a group from Adelaide Place who lived in the area.

[38] Children's work in the church takes place during the service, led by volunteers from the APBC Kids team.