They are found in the central and lower Amazon basin of Peru and Brazil, possibly Bolivia.

[3] Adelphobates is from the Ancient Greek, adelphos (brother or twin) and bates (walker or climber).

"Brothers" refers to Charles W. Myers and John W. Daly, two unrelated scientists directly involved with studies of the species.

[1] A peculiar feature of their reproduction is that tadpoles are transported to Brazil nut capsules lying on the forest floor.

Like frogs of the genus Dendrobates, Adelphobates contain Pumiliotoxin 251D, which is hydroxylated to Allopumiliotoxin 267A, which is 5 times more toxic.