[2] The adrenal gland produces hormones that affects growth, development and stress, and also helps to regulate kidney function.

But adenomas with high levels of hormones frequently show up with primary hyperaldosteronism, Cushing syndrome, or hyperandrogenism symptoms.

[7] Due to local tumor growth, some patients have vague symptoms such as flank or abdominal pain, fullness in the abdomen, or early satiety.

[8] An adrenal incidentaloma is a mass lesion larger than 1 cm in diameter that was unintentionally found through radiologic examination.

[12] Von Hippel–Lindau disease is a rare genetic multi-system disorder where certain body parts develop non-cancerous tumors.

[17] Chronic primary adrenal insufficiency is typically characterized by an extended period of malaise, fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, joint and back pain, and skin darkening.

Mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid hormone deficiency must be physiologically replaced in order to treat primary adrenal insufficiency.

Unintentional weight loss, anorexia, postural hypotension, extreme exhaustion, muscle and abdominal pain, and hyponatraemia are characteristic clinical features.

[22] Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a group of autosomal recessive disorders characterized by impaired cortisol synthesis.