B. caudomaculatus measures around 8 cm long, it is a relatively deep bodied fish with a general gold coloration, which is interrupted by a large black spot at the base of the caudal fin of the fish.

There is also a small red spot visible under the dorsal fin, this is smaller in females (which are generally deeper bodied).

B. caudomaculatus is found in the central and lower Congo River basin where it inhabits densely vegetated streams and backwaters.

This is a shoaling fish which is often found around underwater structures or below floating plants.

B. caudomaculatus is omnivorous feeding on small aquatic insects as well as plant matter.