Air Force Intelligence Directorate

The Air Force Intelligence Directorate (Arabic: إدارة المخابرات الجوية, romanized: Idarat al-Mukhabarat al-Jawiyya) was the intelligence service of Ba'athist Syria from 1963 until 2024,[2] owing its importance to Hafez al-Assad's role as the Air Force commander.

[2] Despite its name, it was mainly involved with issues other than air force intelligence,[3] and took an active part in the suppression of the Muslim Brotherhood rebellion in the 1980s.

[5] The service was headed for nearly thirty years by Maj. Gen. Muhammad al-Khuli, who was trusted by Hafez al-Assad and had an office adjacent to the president's in the presidential palace.

[9][10] Ghassan Jaoudat Ismail previously served as a security official in the eastern governorate of Deir ez-Zor.

[12] After the fall of the Assad regime, the U.S. Department of Justice charged former SAFI officers Jamil Hassan and Abdul Salam Mahmoud with "conspiracy to commit war crimes through the infliction of cruel and inhuman treatment on detainees under their control.