[citation needed] Aji Island is one of the first locations that marked a relationship between Japan and Russia, when local citizens traded with a Russian expedition.

[citation needed] The epicenter of the major Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan on 11 March 2011 was located off the coast of Aji Island and Miyagi Prefecture.

[1] Agriculture is the main focus of the island's rejuvenation, despite challenges from an aging population and the impact of natural disasters.

On July 4, 2014, the sale of Ginzake salmon caught in local waters was reallowed, lifting the restriction on it after the 2011 earthquake.

Due to local need, the Amishoiin medical care center has been created to serve the island population.