"[4] Ahmed Khairi Sa'id edited the movement's journal: Al-Fajr: Sahifat al-Hadam wal-Bina' (الفجر: صحيفة الهدم والبناء lit.
[5] In the aftermath of World War I and the dissolution and partition of the Ottoman Empire, European imperial powers—particularly Britain and France—moved in to the region under the mandate system of the Covenant of the League of Nations.
[3] The movement of Al-Madrasa al-Ḥadītha is situated in the context of this historical moment: when Arab countries were trying to liberate themselves from colonialism and foreign domination and attain statehood.
[2] The writers of Al-Madrasa al-Ḥadītha were profoundly influenced by pre-revolutionary Russian literature, especially the works of Alexander Pushkin, Nikolai Gogol, Mikhail Lermontov, Ivan Turgenev, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Leo Tolstoy, Anton Chekhov, Maxim Gorky, and Boris Artzybasheff.
[3] Having established of a register of literary themes and developed characterization and dialogue, Al-Madrasa al-Ḥadītha made important contributions toward a tradition of modern fiction in Arabic literature.