Aleksandr Fyodorovich Kots (German form Alexander Erich Kohts; Russian: Александр Фёдорович Котс; 19 April 1880 – 7 September 1964) was a Soviet and Russian zoologist and founding director of the State Darwin Museum in Moscow.

He began to collect natural history specimens at a young age and was educated at the Moscow classical gymnasium.

He learned to stuff and prepare animal specimens from F. Yuri Felman and received a gold medal for his taxidermy in 1896.

With references from Theodore K. Lorenz and Mikhail Menzbier he went on a scientific expedition to Western Siberia in 1899 and collected a large number of specimens for which he received a silver medal from the Russian Society for Acclimatization of Animals and Plants.

In 1907 he began to teach evolution to women at Moscow university at the invitation of Petr Sushkin and Nikolai Koltsov.