He served as the minister of national economy in the cabinet led by Benito Mussolini between 1928 and 1929.

[1] Following his graduation Martelli joined the academy and became professor of mineralogy and geology at the University of Florence between 1910 and 1927.

[2] He also served as a faculty member at the University of Rome in the field of geology in 1927.

[1] He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1924 for the National Fascist Party and served there for two terms.

[3] On 9 July 1928 he was appointed minister of national economy, replacing Giuseppe Belluzzo in the post.