Alexander Duane (September 1, 1858 – June 10, 1926) was an American ophthalmologist who was a native of Malone, New York.
He studied medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons (today the medical school of Columbia University).
Duane is remembered for contributions made in the study of the eye and vision, including aspects such as refraction, accommodation and squint.
He also performed extensive analysis involving movement of the extraocular muscles.
In 1897 he published a highly regarded treatise titled "A new classification of the motor anomalies of the eye".