Alexander Milton Ross (December 13, 1832 – October 27, 1897) was a Canadian botanist, naturalist, physician, abolitionist and anti-vaccination activist.

[1] He began his study of medicine in 1861 under the direction of Valentine Mott and subsequently under Russell Thacher Trall, the noted hygienic physician.

He was appointed surgeon in the army of Nicaragua that was commanded by General William Walker.

[1] During the Southern rebellion, President Lincoln employed him as a confidential correspondent in Canada.

[2] Rose was an advocate of natural hygiene and opposed conventional medical treatment and all drugs which he considered unnatural.

Ross and the League considered compulsory vaccination an abuse of human rights.

[2] Ross authored anti-vaccination pamphlets that were widely circulated during the smallpox epidemic of 1885 in Montreal.