Alexander Lawrence Posey (August 3, 1873 – May 27, 1908) was an American poet, humorist, journalist, and politician in the Creek Nation.
[4][5] The Muscogee have a matrilineal kinship system, by which Posey and his siblings were considered born into his mother's Wind Clan of the tribal town of Tuskegee.
[6] He had been orphaned at an early age and raised in the Creek Nation; he spoke the Muscogee language fluently; and he was made a member of the Broken Arrow tribal town.
From that time, Posey received a formal education, including three years at Bacone Indian University in Muskogee, Oklahoma.
Together they had three children, Yahola Irving, Pachina Kipling, and Wynema Torrans Posey, each with a middle name drawn from one of the couple's literary heroes.
As Posey honed his satirical skills, he created a fictional persona, Fus Fixico (Muscogee for "Heartless Bird"), whose editorial letters were published in the Indian Journal.
Fus Fixico was represented as a full-blood Muscogee traditionalist, whose chatty letters were about his everyday life or detailed accounts that he had heard the fictional Muscogee medicine man Hotgun share with an audience of Creek elders: Kono Harjo, Tookpafka Micco, and Wolf Warrior.
The Curtis Act of 1898 dismantled tribal governments and institutions, also in preparation for Indian Territory to become part of the state of Oklahoma.
Experienced politicians from the Five Civilized Tribes met to draft a constitution to establish an Indigenous-controlled State of Sequoyah, but their proposals were rejected by the US Federal Government.
Posey's father read such dialect writers as Max Adler, Josh Billings, Paul Laurence Dunbar, and James Whitcomb Riley.