The Algerian Assembly was created as part of the legislative reorganization of Algeria and ended the system of governance through decrees.

[3] Its powers were shared with the French Parliament regarding laws common to both Metropolitan France and Algeria, as well as the military, electoral, judicial, and administrative organization of Algeria.

The assembly approved budgetary plans, extended metropolitan laws to Algeria, and enacted specific regulations for Algeria that were not yet covered by metropolitan legislation.

[3] The assembly consisted of 120 members, elected equally by two electoral colleges.

This was primarily aimed at suppressing victories by the Mouvement pour le triomphe des libertés démocratiques (MTLD) of Messali Hadj and the Union démocratique du manifeste algérien (UDMA) of Ferhat Abbas, both of which had won significant support in the 1947 municipal elections.