It is endemic to Colombia where it is only known from its type locality, a botanical garden in the city of Villavicencio, on the lower slopes of the eastern side of the Cordillera Oriental.

[2][1] While the frog has not been formally reported in any protected area, several parks overlap its known range: Reserva Forestal Protectora Nacional Caño Vanguardia, Reserva Forestal Protectora Nacional Cerro Vanguardia, Reserva Forestal Protectora Nacional Quebrada Honda y Caños Parrado y Buque Parque Ecologico Humedal Zuria, and Parque Ecologico Humedal Caracoli.

[1] The female frog deposits eggs on the leaf litter.

Scientists believe the male frog provides parental care and, after the eggs hatch, carries the tadpoles to small streams.

[1] Allobates juanii is on the IUCN list of endangered species because of habitat fragmentation and loss.