Aloysius Jin Luxian

He attended Catholic schools and in 1938, at the age of 22, he entered the Society of Jesus, subsequently being ordained in 1946.

He was arrested with his bishop and dozens of clergy and laity in 1955,[1] during major crackdown against the “counterrevolutionary clique” of Ignatius Kung Pin-mei of Shanghai.

[1] He was subsequently released from prison in 1982 and became the founding rector of the Sheshan Major Seminary, outside of Shanghai.

[1] For decades, Jin did not seek a papal pardon or reconciliation with the Vatican, contending that doing so would compromise his ability to work with the Chinese government.

[1] In 2006, he indicated his submission to papal authority privately,[1] the Holy See recognized him as Apostolic Administrator to bishop Msgr.