Domesday Book of 1086 recorded the division of the Chalke Valley into eight manors: Chelke (Chalke), Eblesborne (Ebbesbourne Wake), Fifehide (Fifield Bavant), Cumbe (Coombe Bissett), Humitone (Homington), Odestoche (Odstock), Stradford (Stratford Tony) and Trow.

Alvediston emerged in 1156 as Alfweiteston, formed from the western part of Ebbesbourne Wake and the small manor of Trow.

[4] The manor passed to the Crown at the Dissolution, then in 1541 to Sir William Herbert who became Earl of Pembroke.

[3] The Ox Drove, a medieval drovers' road from Dorset to Salisbury, crossed the south of the parish.

[6] It is in the area of Wiltshire Council unitary authority, which is responsible for all significant local government functions.

Built in limestone, the church has a chancel with a north chapel, a nave with transepts and a west tower.

Monuments inside the church include a recumbent 14th-century knight, probably one of the Gawens of Norrington Manor.

[16] Alvediston Manor (mid-18th century)[17] is on the east side of the village street leading to the river, and is Grade II listed.

The clocktower over the archway entrance to the stables was built by William Day in 1861 to celebrate his horse Dulcibella winning the Cesarewitch at Newmarket.

[20] It was probably built by John Gawen, a layer, justice and Member of Parliament, who acquired the property in 1377.

[21] There are two Sites of Special Scientific Interest in the parish: Pincombe Down and Gallows Hill.