Anarchism in Serbia has its roots in the late 19th century, when a number of Serbs studying in Switzerland came into contact with anarchist ideas and established the first Serbian socialist newspapers and organisations.
Anarcho-syndicalism gained an interest in Serbia in the early 20th century, with trade unions and workers' societies being established by young Serbian socialists under the leadership of Krsta Cicvarić.
Libertarian tendencies in the Communist Party of Yugoslavia saw the establishment of socialist self-management in the country, and an interest in anarchism saw a resurgence among young Serbs in the late 20th century.
In Switzerland, a small group of Serbian socialists, including Manojlo Hrvaćanin [sr] Pera Todorović [sh] and Jovan Žujović, formed the Southern Slavic section of Mikhail Bakunin's Anti-Authoritarian International.
Inspired by Žerajić, several members of Young Bosnia, including Nedeljko Čabrinović, Danilo Ilić and Gavrilo Princip, carried out the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, which caused the outbreak of World War I.