Anders Johan Malmgren (21 November 1834 – 14 April 1897) was a Finnish zoologist and government official.

His most important scientific work involving the boreal region's fauna and flora; These include Kritisk öfversigt af Finlands fiskfauna (1863), Anteckningar om Spetsbergens fågelfauna (1863–64), Iakttagelser och anteckningar till Finnmarkens och Spetsbergens däggdjursfauna (1865) and Bidrag till Finnmarkens fiskfauna (1867).

His most important works - the fruit of his Nordic research trips - is his work on polychaete worms in Nordiska hafsannulaterna (1865) and Om Spetsbergens, Grönlands, Islands och Skandinaviska halföns hittills kända Annulata polychaeta (1867).

The years 1869-70 he published "Handlingar och förordningar angående Finlands fiskerier" ("Collection of Documents and regulations concerning Finnish fisheries") as five booklets, and later, a sixth, and in 1869 he began to publish "Tidskrift för fiskerinäring och agrikultur" ("Journal of the fishing industry and agriculture"), but soon ceased due to lack of interest.

At the time of his death in 1897, Malmgren was one of the twenty foreign members of the British Ornithologists' Union.