The name Andijan has originated from the Persian word of اندکان Andakan.

As with other regions of Uzbekistan, it is famous for its very sweet melons and watermelons, but cultivation of crops can be accomplished exclusively on irrigated lands.

Main agriculture includes cotton, cereal, viticulture, cattle raising and vegetable gardening.

The first automobile assembly plant in Central Asia was opened in Asaka in Andijan Region by the Uzbek-Korean joint venture, UzDaewoo, which produces Nexia and Tico cars and the Damas minibus.

[4][5] There are 11 cities (Andijan, Xonobod, Jalaquduq, Poytugʻ, Qoʻrgʻontepa, Qorasuv, Asaka, Marhamat, Shahrixon, Paxtaobod, Xoʻjaobod) and 79 urban-type settlements in the Andijan Region.