Andrew Davidson (February 12, 1840 – November 10, 1902) was a Scottish soldier who fought in the American Civil War.

Davidson received the United States' highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor, for his action during the Battle of the Crater in Petersburg, Virginia on 30 July 1864.

By 10 December 1865 when Davidson was mustered out of the service, he had been promoted to captain and commander of Company B within his regiment.

He was a companion of the New York Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States.

One of the first to enter the enemy's works, where, after his colonel, major, and one-third the company officers had fallen, he gallantly assisted in rallying and saving the remnant of the command.