Goswami spent her undergraduate years (1998) at the University of Michigan, where she focused on how early whales transitioned from the land to the water.
[3] In 2005 Goswami earned her doctorate at the University of Chicago and Field Museum of Natural History from the Committee on Evolutionary Biology.
[5] During her PhD work, she also conducted field work in Madagascar, India, Chile, Peru, and Western U.S.[6] After completing her PhD, Goswami began a National Science Foundation international postdoctoral fellowship at the Natural History Museum, London, and then undertook a lectureship position in the Earth Sciences department at the University of Cambridge from 2007 to 2009, where she was a fellow of King's College Cambridge.
[10] Goswami was co-director of the London Centre for Ecology and Evolution from 2014 to 2022 and is currently on the Executive Committee for the International Society for Vertebrate Morphology and on the Board of Visitors for the Oxford University Museum of Natural History.
[15] She has searched for fossils all over the world, from Svalbard to Madagascar, and currently leads expeditions in Argentina and India with the aim to improve understanding of the huge change in global biodiversity as a result of the Cretaceous/Paleogene mass extinction 66 million years ago, which ended the dominance of non-avian dinosaurs.