He was searched by the Tsarist police for violating the Lithuanian press ban and fled to the United States where he completed his education at the St. Charles Borromeo Seminary.
In addition to his pastoral duties, Milukas was a member and co-founder of numerous Lithuanian American organizations and societies as well as a prolific Lithuanian-language book publisher and newspaper editor.
[3] He contributed articles to the banned Lithuanian press, including Varpas and Ūkininkas, and was involved in its smuggling and distribution.
[4] To avoid the police, he fled to Tilsit in East Prussia (present-day Sovetsk, Kaliningrad Oblast) where for a few months he helped to edit and publish Varpas.
[1] With financial assistance from priest Aleksandras Burba [lt], Milukas arrived to Plymouth, Pennsylvania, where he took over the editorial duties of Vienybė Lietuvninkų.
[2] There he met Julija Pranaitytė and invited her to the United States starting their life-long collaboration on Lithuanian publications.
[10] He later was a chaplain at the St. Catherine's Hospital in Brooklyn and at the St. Francis Sanatorium for Cardiac Children in Roslyn, New York.
He organized the Bishop Motiejus Valančius Library Society (Lithuanian: Vyskupo Motiejaus Valančiausko skaitinyčios draugystė), which published 10,000 copies of his book on how to learn to write in Tilsit in 1893.
[1] In 1894, he was a co-founder of the Society of Laurynas Ivinskis which organized the Lithuanian exhibition at the World's Fair in Paris in 1900.
Milukas created a poster showing the difficult cultural and educational conditions in Lithuania and exhibited his three-volume Lietuviškas albumas, a photo album with explanatory text in Lithuanian and English, which was awarded a gold medal at the fair.
[12] The conflict pushed Milukas out of the Catholic leadership into the margins of Lithuanian American cultural life.
[15] The books included folk tales collected by Jonas Basanavičius, epistolary novel Viktutė by Marija Pečkauskaitė (Šatrijos Ragana), poetry of Pranas Vaičaitis,[1] works by Kristijonas Donelaitis, Vincas Pietaris, Antanas Baranauskas, Antanas Strazdas, Motiejus Valančius.