His paternal grandfather was Marshal Antoine de Roquelaure, a close collaborator of Henry IV.

The Marquis of Roquelaure, then the last Duke of Roquelaure in 1683 upon the death of his father, he was also Marquis of Lavardens and Biran, Count of Astarac, of Montfort, of Pontgibaud and of Gaure, Baron of Capendu, of Montesquiou, of Saint-Barthélemy of Cancon, of Casseneuil, of Champchevrier, of Monteil-Gelat, Pradmer and Buzaudon, Lord of Puyguilhem.

Together, they were the parents of two daughters:[5] Roquelaure had the Hôtel de Roquelaure built in 1724, the entrance to which is now located at 246 Boulevard Saint-Germain, in place of a "small house" that he had owned on this site since 1709.

[4] As he had no male issue, the duchy of Roquelaure passed to the Rohan family, who sold it, eventually coming into the possession of the King.

[3] Through his eldest daughter, he was a grandfather of Louis Marie, Duke of Rohan, who married Olympe de Châtillon, only daughter of the Duke of Châtillon.