Aquilino Calvo y del Rosario (January 4, 1871 – July 15, 1932[1]) was a Filipino politician.

On February 1, 1917, he resigned after being appointed governor of Mountain Province, a position he held until 1920.

[2] He was replaced by Matias Gonzales in a special election on May 5, 1917, for the remainder of his term through 1919.

He was also described as having "irrational behavior punctuated by an uncontrolled temper", which led some journalists at the time to speculate that his appointment as governor of Mountain Province was meant to remove him from the Senate.

Some of the lieutenant-governors later expressed their belief that Calvo was mentally unsound and "a bit crazy".