Arachis villosulicarpa is a perennial peanut species, which is cultivated by indigenous people in Mato Grosso, a state of Brazil.

[1] Its wild progenitor is thought to be Arachis pietrarellii.

[1] Although it is related to the common peanut, Arachis hypogaea, it was separately domesticated: A. villosulicarpa is diploid,[1] whereas A. hypogaea is tetraploid.

It is one of several species that might be used as gene source for plant breeding to improve the important cultivated peanut Arachis hypogaea.

[2] Data related to Arachis villosulicarpa at Wikispecies