She was member of the Tuscan branch of the Imperial House of Habsburg-Lorraine, an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Tuscany by birth.

Archduchess Immaculata was born on 9 September 1892 at Lemberg, Galicia, then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

[1] She was the second among the ten children of Archduke Leopold Salvator of Austria (1863–1931) and of his wife Infanta Blanca of Spain (1868–1949).

She was christened María Immaculata Karoline Margarethe Blanka Leopoldine Beatrix Anna.

Infanta Blanca's family had reigned in Spain, Parma, Modena, Portugal and France.

During World War I, Archduke Leopold Salvator of Austria and the two eldest sons fought with the Austro-Hungarian army.

[8] Immaculata's two eldest brothers, Archdukes Rainer and Leopold, decided to remain in Austria and recognized the new republic.

The family's economy improved with income coming from revenue from Archduke Leopold Salvator of Austria's military patents.

The political upheaval in Spain, during the Second Spanish Republic, made the family moved back to Austria.