On 15 November 1917, Trans-Ural Bashkiria was added to the nascent Bashkurdistan by decision of the Bashkir Central Soviet as Argayash Canton.
Although an exclave surrounded by the RSFSR proper, this canton existed as an administrative and territorial unit of the Bashkir Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic until 1930.
On the same day, the area was transferred to this new oblast as the Argayash National Okrug.
[1] Later that year, on 17 November 1934, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee liquidated the national okrug and the area was thenceforth administered as a normal part of Chelyabinsk Oblast.
There was some popular interest in reviving the okrug in the Argayash and Kunashak areas of the oblast in the late 1980s and early 1990s, but no official action was taken and the area remains a part of Chelyabinsk Oblast, now a part of the Russian Federation.