Ariaeus appears in historic records in 401 BC, in Xenophon's description of the events leading up to the Battle of Cunaxa.
Clearchus, speaking on behalf of the Greek soldiers, who considered themselves the victors in the battle, sent him a message to offer him the throne of Persia,[6] but he declined.
Clearchus, Menon and three other generals (Agis of Arcadia, Socrates of Achaea and Proxenus of Boetia) along with 20 officers and some 200 troops later met with Tissaphernes on apparently cordial terms.
[11] The surviving Greeks eventually decided to leave the camp and find their way out of Persia and return to Greece.
Artaxerxes grew angry with Tissaphernes' incompetence in his battles with the Greeks, perhaps even suspecting him of betrayal, [13] and ordered his vizier Tithraustes to kill him.
So Ariaeus invited Tissaphernes to visit him at his residence in Colossae in Phrygia to discuss important business.
[16] In the winter of 395-394 BC, Ariaeus was visited there by Spithridates,[17] who may have been trying to interest him in joining in rebellion against the king.
The Arrest of the Generals in Xenophon's 'Anabasis,'" The Classical Quarterly, New Series, 52: 2 (2002) pp 447–461 Bigwood, J. M. "The Ancient Accounts of the Battle of Cunaxa," The American Journal of Philology, Vol.
340–357 Brown, Truesdell S. "Menon of Thessaly" Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte, 35:4 (1986) pp 387–404 Bruce, I.