Aridulodrilus molesworthae is a large Australian earthworm occurring, unusually, in a semiarid region of New South Wales.

It was recognised as a species of Megascolecidae, a family with extreme diversity in the wetter coastal regions of the continent, but distinguished as a new monotypic genus Aridulodrilus, a name derived from Latin meaning a semi-desert worm.

This animal was first recorded by a Broken Hill property's manager, Rosalind Molesworth, after substantial rain had brought them to the surface; the specific epithet molesworthae honours its discoverer.

Their diet of microscopic organisms within the soil, rather than vegetive matter near the surface, may allow the species to subsist in a more arid environment.

They are unknown outside its type locality, an area of ten hectares,[2][3] in the IBRA Broken Hill Complex region.