[2] The forest has great biological wealth, with at least three species of primate and two of birds discovered in the decade before it was created.

[2] The soils are acidic and low fertility, so unsuitable for agriculture or grazing, but the region has been feeling growing pressure from loggers, ranchers and soybean farmers since 2005.

The reserve is part of a shield designed to protect the heart of the Amazon forest from the advance of deforestation.

It will also help maintain biodiversity and water resource, support scientific research and protect the traditional residents.

[3] The reserve is one of five conservation units created in the last week before the provisional removal of president Dilma Rousseff, totalling 2,600,000 hectares (6,400,000 acres), all in the south of Amazonas state.